TOP 100 DESKTOP SUPPORT ENGINEER (L1& L2) JOB INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

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Desktop Support Engineer L1 &L2 Questions:

1.What is os?

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

It is a interface between the user and Hardware.

2.What is minimum hardware requirment of windows xp installation?

Windows XP system Requirement Minimum specification	Required	Recommended
Processor speed (MHz)	233	300 or higher
RAM (MB)	64	128 or higher
Free hard disk space (GB)	1.5	> 1.5

         

3.Difference between fat & ntfs.

FAT -32 bit File system

NTFS -64 bit  File system

4.How many types of users profile?

·   Local user profile: A local user profile is created the first time you log on to a computer and is stored on a computer's hard disk. Any changes made to a local user profile are specific to the computer on which they are made.

·    Roaming user profile: A roaming user profile is created by the system administrator. It is stored on a server and is available every time the user logs on to any computer on the network. Changes made to roaming user profiles are updated on the server.

·    Mandatory user profile: A mandatory user profile is a roaming profile that can be used to specify particular settings for individuals or an entire group of users. Only system administrators can change mandatory user profiles.

·         Temporary user profile: A temporary profile is issued any time that an error condition prevents a user profile from being loaded. Temporary profiles are deleted at the end of each session. Changes made by the user to their desktop settings and files are lost when the user logs off.

5.What is difference between basic disk & dynamic disk?

Basic Disks in Windows 8, 7, Vista or XP:

A Basic disk uses the normal partition tables found in MS-DOS and Windows. The volumes contained on a basic disk will be basic volumes, such as primary and extended partitions, and logical drives.

Dynamic Disks in Windows 8, 7, Vista or XP:

Not every Operating System (OS) supports Dynamic disks. Dynamic disks are only supported by Windows XP, Vista Ultimate, Vista Enterprise, Windows 7 and Windows 8. Windows XP Home Edition does not support dynamic disks. Dynamic disks contain simple volumes, spanned volumes, striped volumes, mirrored volumes, and RAID-5 volumes.

6. What will you do when "ntldr"or "detect" file is missing?

·  Insert the bootable Windows XP CD into the CD-ROM.

·  A message will come on a black screen, Press any key to boot from the CD…. after which user have to press any key.

·  Windows setup will start and users have to press “R” to repair Windows operating system among the available options.

·  Press “1” key to log on Windows Installation, and then press Enter.

·  Enter the administrator password to continue the installation.

·  Copy NTLDR and NTDETECT.COM file from CD to root directory by typing       following command

 copy e:\i386\ntldr c:\

 copy e:\i386\ntdetect.com c:\

·  Remove the CD after coping the file and reboot the system.

  

7.  Your system is restatr regularly then what is the problem?

1. Virus

2. Processor Heat (Heat sink phaste)

3. Processor Fan

3. Hard disk –Bad sector

4. OS files corrupted

Solution: Go to save mode – Stop automatic restart fro system failure

 8.  What is difference between workgroup & domain?

In a workgroup:

·         All computers are peers; no computer has control over another computer.

·         Each computer has a set of user accounts. To use any computer in the workgroup, you must have an account on that computer.

·         There are typically no more than ten to twenty computers.

·         All computers must be on the same local network or subnet.

In a domain:

·         One or more computers are servers. Network administrators use servers to control the security and permissions for all computers on the domain. This makes it easy to make changes because the changes are automatically made to all computers.

·         If you have a user account on the domain, you can log on to any computer on the domain without needing an account on that computer.

·         There can be hundreds or thousands of computers.

·         The computers can be on different local networks.

 9.  When you start the pc and get long beep then what is the problem?

 Answer: RAM Problem

10. Types of hard disk available, how many pins in hard disk?

          1. IDE – Integrated Drive Electronics – 39 pins

          2. SCSI – Small Component Standard Interface – 50pins

          3. SATA – Serial Advanced Technology Attachment -7Pins

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Network question:

1. What is ad?

·         Active Directory (AD) is a directory service that Microsoft developed for Windows domain networks

·         A server running Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) is called a domain controller.

·         Active Directory is a centralized database that keeps track of all the user accounts and passwords in your organization.

·         Active Directory is subdivided into one or more domains. Such as PDC,ADC,Child Domain, Tree root Domain and RODC.

2. What is dns, how many zones in dns and how many zones of every zones?

The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical decentralized naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network. 

The Domain Name System (aka DNS) is used to resolve human-readable hostnames like www.Dyn.com into machine-readable IP addresses like 204.13.248.115.

           Forward lookup: Converting names to IP address is called forward lookup.

           Reverse lookup: Resolving IP address to names is called reverse lookup.

A reverse lookup zone is an authoritative DNS zone. These zones mainly resolve IP addresses to resource names on the network. A reverse lookup zone can be either of the following zones:

The different types of zones used in Windows Server DNS are listed below:

·     Primary zone

·     Secondary zone

·     Active Directory-integrated zone

·     Stub zone

A primary zone is the only zone type that can be edited or updated because the data in the zone is the original source of the data for all domains in the zone

Users can also back up data from a primary zone to a secondary zone.

A secondary zone is a read-only copy of the zone that was copied from the master server during zone transfer. In fact, a secondary zone can only be updated through zone transfer.

An Active Directory-integrated zone is a zone that stores its data in Active Directory. DNS zone files are not needed. This type of zone is an authoritative primary zone. An Active Directory-integrated zone’s zone data is

replicated during the Active Directory replication process.

A stub zone is a new Windows Server 2003 feature. Stub zones only contain those resource records necessary to identify the authoritative DNS servers for the master zone. Stub zones therefore contain only a copy of a zone, and are used to resolve recursive and iterative queries:

Stub zones contain the following information:

• Start of Authority (SOA) resource records of the zone
• Resource records that list the authoritative DNS servers of the zone
• Glue address (A) resource records that are necessary for contacting the    authoritative servers of the zone.

3. What is dhcp,and what is dhcp lease renew?

          DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol used to automatically assign and manage dynamic IP addresses to devices on a network

The renewal process occurs as follows:

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a standard protocol defined by RFC1541 (which is superseded by RFC 2131) that allows a server to dynamicallydistribute IP addressing and configuration information to clients.

DHCP Process fall into four basic phases:

DHCP            DISCOVER

DHCP            OFFER

DHCP                REQUEST

DHCP            ACK 

Protocol and PortDHCP uses the same two ports assigned by IANA for BOOTP:

67/UDP for sending data to the server,  and 68/UDP for data to the client.

3(a).what is dhcp lease renew?

·         The client sends a request to the DHCP server, asking for a renewal and      extension of its current address lease. The client sends a directed request to the DHCP server, with a maximum of three retries at 4, 8, and 16 seconds.

·         If the DHCP server can be located, it typically sends a DHCP acknowledgment message to the client. This renews the lease.

·         If the client is unable to communicate with its original DHCP server, the client waits until 87.5 percent of its lease time elapses. Then the client enters a rebinding state, broadcasting (with a maximum of three retries at 4, 8, and 16 seconds) a DHCPDiscover message to any available DHCP server to update its current IP address lease.

·         If a server responds with a DHCPOffer message to update the client's current lease, the client renews its lease based on the offering server and continues operation.

·         If the lease expires and no server has been contacted, the client must immediately discontinue using its leased IP address. The client then proceeds to follow the same process used during its initial startup to obtain a new IP address lease.

 4.What is apipa, when apipa is active?

 When DHCP server is not available the Windows client computer assignes an automatic IP address to itself so that it can communicate with the network cmputers. This ip address is called APIPA. ITs in the range of 169.254.X.X.

APIPA stands for Automatic private IP addressing. Its in the range of 169.254.X.X.

5.What is vpn?

VPN, or virtual private network, is a network that is constructed by using public wires — usually the Internet — to connect to a private network, such as a company's internal network. There are a number of systems that enable you to create networks using the Internet as the medium for transporting data.

6. When we use of last known good configuration & safe mode?

Last known good configuration (LKGC)?

If Windows does not start at all or reboots or stops responding while starting, the first thing to try is Last Known Good Configuration.

This one is especially useful when the problem appears right after some software or driver installation or upgrade, or when you edit registry manually or change advanced system settings.

 safe mode

Windows’ Safe Mode is an essential tool. On computers infected with malware or crashing because of buggy drivers, Safe Mode may be the only way to start the computer.

Safe Mode boots a computer without loading any third-party software or drivers, so it’s a great way to remove problem-causing software without that software getting in the way.

Once you are in Safe Mode, you can perform system maintenance tasks to fix your computer:

Scan for Malware

Run System Restore

Uninstall Recently Installed Software:

Update Hardware Drivers

See Whether a Crash Occurs

7.What is difference between switch & hub?

Hub :A common connection point for devices in a network. Hubs are commonly used to connect segments of aLAN. A hub contains multiple ports. When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see all packets.

Switch:

In networks, a device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments. Switches operate at the data link layer (layer 2) and sometimes the network layer (layer 3) of the OSI Reference Model .

 layer 2  switch device makes decisions based on MAC addresses. 

So Layer 2 Switch communicate only same IP address range(10.0.0.1-10.0.0.254)

 layer 3 switch device makes decisions based on MAC addresses &IP  addresses.  

 So Layer 3 Switch communicate different  IP address      range(10.0.0.1/254 -20.0.0.1/254)

Router:

A router also connects two different networks and different subnets.

8.How many layers are in OSI model, name & works of layers?

  

  7 Layers -explain the details

9.We have require to establish the LAN connection on 1st floor to 2nd floor.

Establish the connection between the two floor using Switch or Bridge

10. What is minimum hardware requirment of a.d.installation?

1) 1 GHz Processor (x86 Processor) 1.4Ghz(x64 Processor) 2Ghz Recommended.

 For An Intel Titanium 2 Processor are required for installation of server 2008.

2) 512 RAM (Server only) If you want to install ADDS and other Roles in server 1GB RAM is required however Microsoft Recommend 2GB RAM. 512 up to 1 GB is enough if  you are just practicing

         

 12) Your computer slowly drops out of network. A reboot of the computer fixes the problem. What to do to resolve this issue?

Update the network card driver.

13) Your system is infected with Virus? How to recover the data?

Install another system. Insall the OS with the lates pathces, Antivirus with latest updates. Connect the infected HDD as secondary drive in the system. Once done scan and clean the secondary HDD. Once done copy the files to the new system.

14) How to join a system to the domain? What type of user can add a system to the domain?

Please visit the article and read "Adding the Workstation to the Domain"

15) What is the difference between a switch and a hub?

Switch sends the traffic to the port to which its meant for. Hub sends the traffic to all the ports.

16) What is a router? Why we use it?

Router is a switch which uses routing protocols to process and send the traffic. It also receives the traffic and sends it across but it uses the routing protocols to do so.

17) What are manageable and non-manageable switches?

Switches which can be administered are called manageable switches. For example we can create VLAN for on such switch. On no manageable switches we can't do so.

 18) What is the port number of Telnet, DNS, ftp(data) and ftp?

 Telnet = 23 and DNS = 53ftp (data) = 20 and ftp=21

19) What is VPN and how to configure it?

VPN stands for Virtual private network. VPN is used to connect to the corporate network to access the resources like mail and files in the LAN. VPN can be configured using the stepsmentioned in the KB.

Desktop L2 questions:

1. What is IP routing
2. What is rip,igrp,eigrp,ospf
3. What is dns and dhcp
4. Difference between hub and switch
5. What is tree
6. Difference between 2000 server and 2003 server
7. What is forest
8. Login problem and solution
9. Three short beep indicate what
10. Cabling and its coding
11. What is subnetting
12. What is bandwidth
13. What is ip address and its class
14. What is vtp server
15. What is vlan
16. What's dhcp dns telnet ftp tftp pop3 smtp port number
17. What is vpn
18. Outlook like. Pst folder, ost folder, back up, configaration.
19. What is the output of smps.
20. What is booting files.
21. what is protocol,ip address,& mac address?

  

Ms Outlook & outlook exp questions:

1. What is outlook express & ms outlook?

2. Which protocol works in outlook & outlook express?

3. Port number of protocols.

4. File extention of outlook express & ms outlook.

5. Default data storeg  capacity of outlook express & ms outlook.

6. What is nntp & ssl?

7. How we will repair pst file?

8. Which protocol responsible for mail sending & receving?

9. When "ost" file system is use?

What is Domain

Types of RAM

Difference between RAM Type

What is Network Printer

What is Local printer

Extension of Outlook

What is EPO in Antivirus

How to update definition of Antivirus

Difference between Straight and Cross Cable

What is WDS

Reason of blue dump

How to share calendar in outlook.

What is OST, PST and difference them.